in words from Arabic (or assumed to be), it is the definite article “the.” Sometimes rendered in English as el-. Often assimilated to following consonants (as-, az-, ar-, am-, an-, etc.). Examples include almanac, alchemy, alcohol, algebra.
in words from Arabic (or assumed to be), it is the definite article “the.” Sometimes rendered in English as el-. Often assimilated to following consonants (as-, az-, ar-, am-, an-, etc.). Examples include almanac, alchemy, alcohol, algebra.
al-
Online etymology dictionary
https://www.etymonline.com/word/al-
alchemy (n.)
“medieval chemistry; the supposed science of transmutation of base metals into silver or gold” (involving also the quest for the universal solvent, quintessence, etc.), mid-14c., from Old French alchimie (14c.), alquemie (13c.), from Medieval Latin alkimia, from Arabic al-kimiya, from Greek khemeioa (found c.300 C.E. in a decree of Diocletian against “the old writings of the Egyptians”), all meaning “alchemy,” and of uncertain origin.
alcohol (n.)
“fine powder produced by sublimation,” from Medieval Latin alcohol “powdered ore of antimony,” from Arabic al-kuhul “kohl,” the fine metallic powder used to darken the eyelids, from kahala “to stain, paint.” The al- is the Arabic definite article, “the.”
algebra (n.)
“formal mathematics; the analysis of equations; the art of reasoning about quantitative relations by the aid of a compact and highly systematized notation,” 1550s, from Medieval Latin algebra, from Arabic “al-mukhtasar fi hisab al-jabr wa al-muqabala” (“the compendium on calculation by restoring and balancing”), the title of the famous 9c. treatise on equations by Baghdad mathematician Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. Arabic al jabr (“in vulgar pronunciation, al-jebr” [Klein]) “reunion of broken parts” (reducing fractions to integers in computation) was one of the two preparatory steps to solving algebraic equations; it is from Arabic jabara “reintegrate, reunite, consolidate.” Al-Khwarizmi’s book (translated into Latin in 12c.) also introduced Arabic numerals to the West. John Dee (16c.) calls it algiebar and almachabel. The accent shifted 17c. from second syllable to first.
almanac (n.)
late 14c., “book of permanent tables of astronomical data,” attested in Anglo-Latin from mid-13c., via Old French almanach or directly from Medieval Latin almanachus, a word of uncertain origin and the subject of much speculation. The Latin word is often said to be ultimately from Arabic somehow, but an exact phonological and semantic fit is wanting.
alkali (n.)
late 14c., “soda ash,” from Medieval Latin alkali, from Arabic al-qaliy “the ashes, burnt ashes” (of saltwort, which abounds in soda due to growing in alkaline soils), from qala “to roast in a pan.” Later extended to similar substances, natural or manufactured. The modern chemistry sense is from 1813.
algorithm (n.)
1690s, “Arabic system of computation,” from French algorithme, refashioned (under mistaken connection with Greek arithmos “number”) from Old French algorisme “the Arabic numeral system” (13c.), from Medieval Latin algorismus, a mangled transliteration of Arabic al-Khwarizmi “native of Khwarazm” (modern Khiva in Uzbekistan), surname of the mathematician whose works introduced sophisticated mathematics to the West (see algebra). The earlier form in Middle English was algorism (early 13c.), from Old French. The meaning broadened to any method of computation; from mid-20c. especially with reference to computing.
Al = The
Al Qaeda は The Base
Al Jazeera は The Island（＝ Arabian Peninsula）
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サウジアラビア・リーグにスーパースターが終結：
Al Ittihad に ベンゼマ、カンテ、ジョタ
Al Nassr に C・ロナウド、シイェシュ、ブロゾヴィッチ、もしかしたら サウル、ザハ
Al Hilal に ネヴェス、クリバリ,もしかしたら ネイマール、ルカク、ベルナルド・シウヴァ
Al Ahli に メンディ、フィルミーノ、もしかしたら マフレズ
その他にも ジョルディ・アルバ、ロリス、ブフォンも交渉中
川崎や浦和の AFCチャンピオンズリーグ優勝は、これからは難しい。。。かも